/* Design tokens: start here when adjusting the visual identity. */
:root {
  --paper:#f1f0ea;
  --ink:#252823;
  --muted:#66695f;
  --line:#cccec3;
  --accent:#526a3e;
  --lime:#dce6bd;
  --serif:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;
  --sans:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif
}
* {
  box-sizing:border-box
}
html {
  scroll-behavior:smooth;
  scroll-padding-top:35px
}
body {
  margin:0;
  background:var(--paper);
  color:var(--ink);
  font-family:var(--sans)
}
a {
  color:inherit;
  text-decoration:none
}
button,input {
  font:inherit
}
a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible,input:focus-visible {
  outline:2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset:6px
}
::selection {
  background:var(--lime)
}
[hidden] {
  display:none!important
}
.skip {
  position:fixed;
  top:-70px;
  background:var(--ink);
  color:white;
  padding:16px;
  z-index:10
}
.skip:focus {
  top:0
}
header,main,footer {
  max-width:1440px;
  margin:auto
}
header {
  padding:32px 5%;
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:space-between;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)
}
.wordmark {
  font-size:29px;
  font-weight:700;
  letter-spacing:-1.5px
}
.mark {
  font-weight:400;
  padding-left:7px;
  color:var(--accent)
}
.header-note,.section-label,.edition,.article-meta,.margin-note>span,.closing>span,.coordinate,.row-theme,.row-number,footer>span {
  font-size:10px;
  line-height:1.6;
  letter-spacing:1.3px
}
.header-note {
  margin-right:20%;
  color:var(--muted)
}
.subscribe-link {
  font-size:12px
}
.subscribe-link span {
  margin-left:25px
}
main {
  padding:0 5%
}
.opening {
  padding-top:36px
}
.edition {
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:9px
}
.dot {
  width:6px;
  height:6px;
  border-radius:50%;
  background:var(--accent)
}
.edition-number {
  margin-left:auto;
  color:var(--muted)
}
.title-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1.15fr 1fr;
  align-items:center;
  gap:25px
}
h1 {
  font-size:clamp(66px,7.8vw,112px);
  line-height:.99;
  letter-spacing:-7px;
  font-weight:400;
  margin:48px 0 40px;
  position:relative;
  z-index:1
}
h1 em {
  font-family:var(--serif);
  font-weight:400;
  letter-spacing:-6px
}
.period {
  color:var(--accent)
}
.visual {
  height:390px;
  position:relative;
  margin:0;
  isolation:isolate
}
.orb {
  position:absolute;
  width:280px;
  height:280px;
  border-radius:50%;
  left:50%;
  top:44%;
  transform:translate(-50%,-50%);
  background:radial-gradient(circle at 31% 27%,#f2f5d5 0%,#d7e0b8 25%,#8e9f77 56%,#3f503d 80%,#243526 100%);
  box-shadow:inset -16px -18px 40px #24352655,20px 25px 50px #53633d0d
}
.orb:after {
  content:'';
  position:absolute;
  inset:0;
  border-radius:50%;
  background:repeating-linear-gradient(0deg,transparent 0px,transparent 2px,#f0f0dd14 3px)
}
.orbit {
  position:absolute;
  border:1px solid #7d886066;
  border-radius:50%;
  left:50%;
  top:44%;
  width:430px;
  height:135px;
  transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-36deg);
  z-index:2
}
.orbit-two {
  transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(50deg);
  width:365px;
  height:168px;
  z-index:-1
}
.axis {
  position:absolute;
  width:1px;
  height:330px;
  background:var(--line);
  left:50%;
  top:5%;
  transform:rotate(26deg);
  z-index:-2
}
.coordinate {
  position:absolute;
  bottom:25px;
  left:5%;
  font-size:8px;
  color:var(--muted)
}
figcaption {
  position:absolute;
  right:0;
  bottom:25px;
  font:italic 14px/1.4 var(--serif);
  color:var(--muted)
}
.intro-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr 50px;
  gap:32px;
  padding: 30px 0 16px;
  align-items:start
}
.article-meta {
  padding-top:5px
}
.article-meta span {
  display:block;
  margin-top:10px;
  color:var(--muted)
}
.standfirst {
  font:23px/1.45 var(--serif);
  max-width:650px;
  margin:0
}
.down {
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  width:44px;
  height:44px;
  border-radius:50%;
  display:grid;
  place-items:center;
  font-size:24px
}
.reading-layout {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr 50px;
  gap:32px;
  padding:16px 0 80px
}
.margin-note {
  color:var(--muted);
  padding-top:7px
}
.margin-note p {
  font:italic 18px/1.5 var(--serif);
  margin-top:24px
}
.small-orbit {
  font:56px var(--serif);
  margin-top:50px;
  color:#8a9677
}
article {
  max-width:650px;
  font:20px/1.8 var(--serif)
}
article p {
  margin:0 0 25px
}
.first:first-letter {
  float:left;
  font-size:66px;
  line-height:.85;
  margin:12px 10px 0 0
}
article h2 {
  font:25px/1.25 var(--sans);
  letter-spacing:-.6px;
  margin:45px 0 22px
}
blockquote {
  font:italic 35px/1.3 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing:-.8px;
  border-left:2px solid var(--accent);
  padding:8px 0 8px 27px;
  margin:40px 0
}
.closing {
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);
  margin-top:44px;
  padding-top:25px
}
.closing>span {
  font-family:var(--sans);
  color:var(--accent)
}
.closing p {
  font:italic 29px/1.4 var(--serif);
  margin-top:14px
}
.sample-note {
  font:11px var(--sans);
  color:var(--muted)
}
.newsletter {
  background:var(--lime);
  padding:38px 40px 45px;
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;
  column-gap:70px
}
.section-label {
  grid-column:1/-1
}
.newsletter h2 {
  font-size:47px;
  line-height:1.1;
  letter-spacing:-2px;
  font-weight:400;
  margin:24px 0 0
}
.newsletter h2 em {
  font-family:var(--serif);
  font-weight:400
}
.newsletter-copy {
  padding-top:12px;
  font-size:14px;
  line-height:1.6;
  max-width:400px
}
.newsletter button {
  border:0;
  border-bottom:1px solid #7e8a69;
  background:none;
  padding:12px 0;
  text-align:left;
  width:100%;
  cursor:pointer
}
.newsletter button span {
  float:right
}
.quiet,#newsletter-detail {
  font-size:11px;
  color:#515c43
}
.archive {
  padding:75px 0 60px
}
.archive-heading {
  display:flex;
  justify-content:space-between;
  align-items:end;
  margin-bottom:26px
}
.archive h2 {
  font-size:25px;
  font-weight:400;
  letter-spacing:-.7px;
  margin:0
}
.archive h2 span {
  font-size:12px;
  color:var(--muted);
  margin-left:12px
}
.search-label {
  font-size:0
}
input {
  background:none;
  border:0;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
  padding:12px 0;
  width:245px;
  font-size:12px;
  border-radius:0
}
.archive-row {
  border-top:1px solid var(--line)
}
.archive-row:last-child {
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)
}
summary {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:45px 1fr 210px 20px;
  align-items:center;
  padding:24px 0;
  cursor:pointer;
  list-style:none;
  gap:12px
}
summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  display:none
}
.row-number,.row-theme {
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:9px
}
.row-title {
  font:23px var(--serif)
}
.row-arrow {
  font-size:23px
}
.archive-row[open] .row-arrow {
  transform:rotate(45deg)
}
.archive-row>p {
  max-width:650px;
  margin:0 0 26px 57px;
  font:17px/1.6 var(--serif)
}
footer {
  display:flex;
  justify-content:space-between;
  align-items:center;
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);
  padding:30px 5% 40px
}
footer p {
  font:italic 15px/1.4 var(--serif);
  color:var(--muted)
}
footer>span {
  font-size:8px;
  color:var(--muted)
}
@media(min-width:1500px) {
  header {
  border-left:1px solid var(--line);
  border-right:1px solid var(--line)
}

}
@media(max-width:900px) {
  .header-note {
  margin-right:0
}
h1 {
  letter-spacing:-4px;
  font-size:76px
}
.visual {
  transform:scale(.8);
  transform-origin:center
}
.intro-grid,.reading-layout {
  grid-template-columns:150px 1fr
}
.down {
  display:none
}
.newsletter {
  gap:20px
}
.row-theme {
  display:none
}
summary {
  grid-template-columns:30px 1fr 20px
}

}
@media(max-width:600px) {
  header {
  padding:24px 6%
}
.wordmark {
  font-size:26px
}
.header-note {
  display:none
}
.subscribe-link {
  font-size:11px
}
.subscribe-link span {
  margin-left:8px
}
main {
  padding:0 6%
}
.opening {
  padding-top:26px
}
.edition {
  font-size:8px;
  letter-spacing:.7px
}
.title-grid {
  display:block;
  position:relative
}
h1 {
  font-size:65px;
  letter-spacing:-4px;
  margin:38px 0 15px
}
h1 em {
  letter-spacing:-3px
}
.visual {
  height:255px;
  transform:scale(.7);
  margin:-22px -15% -20px
}
.coordinate,figcaption {
  bottom:-12px
}
.intro-grid {
  display:block;
  padding:30px 0
}
.article-meta {
  font-size:8px;
  display:flex;
  gap:20px;
  margin-bottom:20px
}
.article-meta span {
  margin:0
}
.standfirst {
  font-size:22px
}
.reading-layout {
  display:block;
  padding:35px 0 45px
}
.margin-note {
  display:none
}
article {
  font-size:19px;
  line-height:1.75
}
article h2 {
  font-size:24px
}
blockquote {
  font-size:30px;
  padding-left:20px
}
.newsletter {
  display:block;
  padding:28px 24px
}
.newsletter h2 {
  font-size:42px
}
.newsletter-copy {
  padding-top:15px
}
.archive {
  padding:45px 0
}
.archive-heading {
  display:block
}
.search-label {
  display:block;
  margin-top:15px
}
input {
  width:100%
}
.row-title {
  font-size:20px
}
summary {
  padding:22px 0;
  gap:8px
}
.archive-row>p {
  margin-left:38px
}
footer {
  padding:25px 6%;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
  gap:20px
}
footer>span {
  width:100%
}

}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
  html {
  scroll-behavior:auto
}

}


.arrow-icon {
  width:14px;
  height:14px;
  fill:none;
  stroke:currentColor;
  stroke-width:1.3;
  display:inline-block;
  vertical-align:baseline
}
.wordmark .arrow-icon {
  width:21px;
  height:21px
}


/* Keep the reading aligned with its introduction, leaving the margin empty. */
.reading-layout > article  {
   grid-column: 2;
   
}


/* A quiet label makes the article category explicit. */
.theme-label {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .2px;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .article-meta { align-items: flex-end; }
}

/* Opening question: a distinct, upright voice between title and body. */
.standfirst {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 27px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.45;
  letter-spacing: -.55px;
  color: #777777;
}
.reading-nav { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 24px; margin-top: 48px; font: 12px/1.5 var(--sans); }
.reading-nav a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 9px; padding: 10px 0; }
.reading-nav a:hover { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 5px; }
.back-arrow { width: 20px; height: 14px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 1.25; flex: 0 0 auto; }
.previous-title { max-width: 850px; }
@media (max-width: 600px) { .standfirst { font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: -.3px; } .reading-nav { gap: 15px; font-size: 11px; } .previous-title { font-size: 52px; } }

/* A smaller newsletter explanation balances against the left-hand headline. */
.newsletter-copy { align-self: center; padding-top: 0; transform: translateY(12px); }
.author { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 130px minmax(0, 560px); gap: 34px; max-width: 724px; margin: 80px auto; align-items: center; }
.portrait-placeholder { aspect-ratio: 1; background: #e7e8df; display: grid; place-items: center; color: var(--muted); text-align: center; font: 9px/1.7 var(--sans); letter-spacing: 1.2px; }
.author h2 { margin: 0 0 12px; font: 25px var(--serif); }
.author-copy > p { font: 15px/1.65 var(--serif); color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 14px; }
.author-links { display: flex; gap: 28px; align-items: center; font: 12px var(--sans); }
.author-links button { background: none; border: none; color: inherit; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; font: inherit; }
.author-links a:hover,.author-links button:hover,.return-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 5px; }
.draft-detail,.author-copy > .draft-detail { font: 12px/1.6 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); }
.author-copy > .draft-detail { margin-top: 15px; }
.minimal-footer { padding-top: 22px; padding-bottom: 24px; }
.minimal-footer > span { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .3px; }
.section-title { font: 400 52px/1.1 var(--sans); letter-spacing: -2px; margin: 0; }
.writing-page { max-width: 800px; min-height: 65vh; margin: 75px auto; }
.writing-intro { font: 24px/1.5 var(--serif); }
.writing-empty { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 25px 0; margin-top: 40px; }
.return-link { font-size: 12px; }
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .newsletter-copy { transform: none; padding-top: 20px; }
  .author { grid-template-columns: 80px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 22px; margin: 50px 0; align-items: start; }
  .author h2 { font-size: 23px; }
  .section-title { font-size: 42px; }
  .writing-page { margin: 45px 0; }
}

/* Author and contact: quiet links, with details only on request. */
.author-portrait img { display:block; width:100%; aspect-ratio:1; object-fit:cover; object-position:30% center; }
.author-copy > p a:hover { text-decoration:underline; text-underline-offset:4px; }
.contact-detail { margin-top:18px; font:12px/1.6 var(--sans); }
.contact-detail:not([hidden]) { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:center; gap:10px 15px; }
#contact-address { user-select:text; overflow-wrap:anywhere; }
#copy-email { background:none; color:inherit; border:1px solid var(--line); padding:6px 10px; font:inherit; cursor:pointer; }
#copy-status { flex-basis:100%; }
#copy-status:empty { display:none; }
.about-page { max-width:900px; margin:75px auto 90px; }
.about-heading { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 260px; align-items:center; gap:40px; margin-bottom:55px; }
.about-portrait { width:100%; aspect-ratio:1; object-fit:cover; object-position:30% center; }
.about-bio { max-width:680px; margin:0 auto 40px; }
.about-page > .return-link { display:block; max-width:680px; margin:auto; }
@media(max-width:600px) {
  .about-page { margin:45px 0 60px; }
  .about-heading { grid-template-columns:1fr; gap:28px; margin-bottom:32px; }
  .about-portrait { max-width:220px; }
}

/* Article actions stay quiet until a reader opens them. */
.reading-tools { margin-top:42px; font:12px/1.6 var(--sans); }
.reading-actions { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:26px; }
.reading-actions button { color:var(--muted); font:inherit; background:none; border:0; padding:8px 0; cursor:pointer; }
.reading-actions button:hover { color:var(--ink); text-decoration:underline; text-underline-offset:5px; }
.email-panel { padding:22px; margin-top:16px; background:#e8e9df; }
article .email-panel p { font:13px/1.6 var(--sans); margin:0 0 15px; }
.email-panel label { display:block; margin-bottom:8px; }
.email-fields { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:12px; }
.email-fields input { flex:1; min-width:160px; width:auto; border:1px solid var(--line); padding:10px; }
.email-fields button { border:1px solid var(--line); background:var(--paper); padding:10px 15px; }
.email-fields :disabled { opacity:.65; cursor:not-allowed; }
article .email-panel .email-privacy { color:var(--muted); font-size:11px; margin:14px 0 0; }

/* The navigation links form a pair; the centered send action has its own voice. */
.reading-nav:has(.send-reading-link){display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px;align-items:center}
.reading-nav:has(.send-reading-link)>a:last-child{justify-self:end;text-align:right}
.send-reading-link{font:italic 16px/1.4 var(--serif);color:var(--accent);border:0;background:none;cursor:pointer;padding:10px 4px;text-align:center}
.send-reading-link:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:5px}
@media(max-width:450px){.reading-nav:has(.send-reading-link){gap:7px;font-size:10px}.send-reading-link{font-size:14px;padding-inline:0}}

#newsletter-form label{display:block;margin:14px 0 5px;font-size:12px}
#newsletter-form input,#newsletter-form select{width:100%;border:1px solid #aab493;padding:9px;background:#f1f0ea;color:var(--ink);font:13px var(--sans)}
#newsletter-form button{margin-top:15px}#newsletter-form :disabled{opacity:.55;cursor:not-allowed}
.mail-challenge{margin:14px 0;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden}

#result-count{font:12px/1.6 var(--sans);color:var(--muted)}